01Build the sellable SKU master
Create a unique internal SKU for every model, color, size, capacity, scent, finish or package combination sold separately. Record supplier reference and barcode status alongside plain-language attributes. Keep variants in rows, not hidden across merged spreadsheet cells. If a product fact changes enough to affect identification, assess whether a new trade-item identifier is required under the applicable system.
02Map the real quantity constraints
Ask the supplier to separate total order MOQ, model MOQ, material or production MOQ, customization MOQ, variant minimum and carton multiple. Record whether quantities can be shared across colors or sizes and which options use stocked components. A low headline MOQ can still produce an impractical assortment after variant and packing rules are applied.
03Give each quantity a reason
Use prior sell-through, customer requests, price point, display need, season, replacement demand or a defined test hypothesis. Mark proven core, experimental and long-tail SKUs. Avoid equal allocation unless there is evidence for it. Put an explicit cash or landed-cost ceiling and maximum weeks of cover around the whole mix before negotiating individual rows.
04Compare practical scenarios
Build at least three internally consistent versions: focused depth in fewer SKUs, balanced coverage and broader discovery with lower depth. Recalculate supplier constraints, unit economics, freight effects, stock cover and expected sellable units for each. Choose one version; do not let a supplier combine the most convenient quantities from different scenarios.
05Freeze identity before the purchase order
Confirm the SKU table, product revision, approved sample, variant reference, package artwork, barcode, quantity, unit-cost basis and change status. Lock a revision date and approval owner. Late substitution of a close color, alternate size label or newer model must return to written review rather than being accepted as ordinary production flexibility.
06Design carton and inspection coverage
Define unit, inner-pack and carton quantities by SKU. For mixed cartons, issue the exact content matrix and package-level label rule. Reconcile total units from SKU table through packing list. Build the inspection plan from lot structure and risk; ensure small or experimental variants are not invisible merely because they contribute few units to the total.
07Reconcile receipt and reorder evidence
Give the warehouse the approved SKU and carton files before arrival. Record received, quarantined, damaged and available quantities by SKU, then track sales, returns and stock cover on the same identity. Reorder from actual variant performance and supplier execution. Merge or retire confusing SKUs rather than carrying catalog complexity without customer value.